Attitudes towards treatment among patients suffering from sleep disorders. A Latin American survey

BACKGROUND Although sleep disorders are common, they frequently remain unnoticed by the general practitioner. Few data are available about the willingness and reasons of patients with sleep disturbances to seek for medical assistance. METHODS The results of a cross-sectional community-based multinational survey in three major Latin American urban areas, i.e. Buenos Aires, Mexico City and Sao Paulo, are reported. Two-hundred subjects suffering sleep disturbances and 100 non-sufferers were selected from the general population in each city (total number: 600 sufferers vs. 300 non-sufferers). A structured interview was conducted, sleep characteristics, feelings about sleep disturbances and strategies to cope with those problems being recorded. Data were analyzed by employing either t-test or analysis of variance (ANOVA) to the Z-transformed proportions. RESULTS 22.7 +/- 3.5 % (mean +/- SEM) of subjects reported to suffer from sleep disturbances every night. About 3 out of 4 (74.2 +/- 2.0 %) considered their disorder as mild and were not very concerned about it. Only 31 +/- 2 % of sufferers reported to have sought for medical help. Although 45 +/- 2 % of sufferers reported frequent daily sleepiness, trouble to remember things, irritability and headaches, they did not seek for medical assistance. Among those patients who saw a physician with complaints different from sleep difficulties only 1 out of 3 (33 +/- 2 % of patients) were asked about quality of their sleep by the incumbent practitioner. Strategies of patients to cope with sleep problems included specific behaviors (taking a warm bath, reading or watching TV) (44 +/- 1.6 %), taking herbal beverages (17 +/- 1.2 %) or taking sleeping pills (10 +/- 1.1 %). Benzodiazepines were consumed by 3 +/- 0.6 % of sufferers. CONCLUSION Public educational campaigns on the consequences of sleep disorders and an adequate training of physicians in sleep medicine are needed to educate both the public and the general practitioners about sleep disorders.